Friday, January 31, 2020
Alcoholism and its Effects on Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
Alcoholism and its Effects on Society - Essay Example The extrapolation derived from the data on drinking practices from the surveys of household probability suggest that there are nearly 29 million children of alcoholic patents and an anticipated 22 million of them are either 18 years of age or older and nearly 6.6 million are below the age of 18 years. Regrettably, even though it is a known fact that this magnitude of population and the possibility of these individuals of suffering from a variety of problems, a well controlled research is not yet done. Along with descriptive epidemiological investigation a range of other forms of studies are needed. A systematically sound research can offer groundwork for the enhancement of early intervention and effective preventive programs to eradicate the potential adverse effects of alcoholism. Even though the children of alcoholic parents are at a higher risk for alcoholism, it should be observed that a huge percentage of these children do not necessarily develop this disorder. Different patterns of alcoholism are suggested by research both with a high environmental risk and genetic vulnerability. It is likely that some individual with high risk do not develop alcoholism they may employ coping mechanisms. Multiple coping mechanisms are clinically observed in these children and many of them grow up to be free from psychopathology or alcoholism. These studies of coping mechanism are employed by the resistant individuals that may have special value for prevention and treatment programs. Concerning the children of alcoholics the clinical reports have described a range of psychological impairments that have been experienced by them in addition to drug abuse or alcohol. The psychological problems that have been observed have included the presence of both minor and major types of impaired self-esteem, reality testing, vocational and impaired academic performance and susceptibility to a number of acting out behaviors including running away and delinquency. The majority of these studies were limited to assessing the children who were getting treatment of the problems or those whose parents were being cured for alcoholism. To examine the children of alcoholics a broader spectrum of research is needed. The study that compares non COA's and the COA's suggest that even though both the groups differ in a wide range of psychosocial aspect, the differences in the cognitive performance are observed frequently. The cognitive function in the children of alcoholics have been examined by researchers as it is significant factor require for adaptation at all the stages of development. This can be evaluated uniformly across the stages of development and is associated with symptoms of alcoholism. In the book Alcoholic fathering and its relation to child's intellectual development: A pilot investigation, the author Ervin and Et al have analyzed that the full IQ performance and the verbal score are lower among the sample of children those are raised by alcoholic parents than those raised
Thursday, January 23, 2020
Fixing Belief Essay -- essays research papers
The Four Methods of Charles S. Peirce      In â€Å"The Fixation of Belief†, Charles S. Peirce attempts to explain his four methods of establishing belief, in which he says all people have. These methods can be put to the test with any subject matter, and one shall always fit.      For instance, let us look at the broad but always hot topic of religious matters, or affairs. First, take into account Peirce’s first method, which is the method of tenacity. Its definition is, â€Å"taking as answer to a question any we may fancy, and constantly reiterating it to ourselves, dwelling on all which may conduce to that belief, and learning to turn with contempt and hatred from anything that might disturb it.†There is a very strong argument that this could be the method of choice for religious belief. Take apart the definition, for a moment and you might begin to see this. As it talks about constantly reiterating the belief to ourselves, it may very well be said that this could be construed as going to church each week.. What happens in church? Well, we pray, sing, give thanks and offerings, all that we may be reminded that our purpose in life is to serve our Lord with gladness and with all of our hearts at all times. The part that I do not see fit in the first method is the part about turning with contempt and hatred from anything that might disturb it. From past experience, I have always found religious people to be some of the most open minded people, willing to listen and be attentive to anything you have to say. They do not turn with contempt and hatred if you do not believe exactly what they believe. The only case where I see a religious group shutting out anything and everything, would be the monks.                                                                                           page 2 They go to great lengths to get as far from civilization as they possibly can, ... ...                           page 5 young, and given power to prevent other doctrines from being introduced.†But on the smaller scale, the personal level, people interpret these doctrines in their own way, causing thousands, even millions of differing opinions on the same subject.      The main reason that politics does not belong in the method of tenacity, is the fact that, even though there are many different beliefs, people are always open to new suggestions, which is not what the method of tenacity champions. It wants you to believe in something, and put earplugs on, so as to not hear any blasphemy from other parties about their beliefs.      In closing, each of these four methods is used daily by each and every one of us in different subject-matters. They are all very valid, and show the intelligent and logical thinking that Charles S. Peirce obviously possessed. It is absolutely astonishing that an article originally published in November 1877 is still extremely useful in modern-day society.
Wednesday, January 15, 2020
John Austin’s Theory of Law
John Austin (1790-1859) was a British legal philosopher and was the first Professor of Jurisprudence at London University. His publications had a profound influence on English jurisprudence. They include The Province of Jurisprudence Determined (1832), and Lectures on Jurisprudence. John Austin is best known for his work developing the theory of legal positivism. He attempted to clearly separate moral rules from â€Å"positive law. †Austin's theory also falls under Constitutions, International Law, non-sanctioned rules, or law that gives rights. Austin believed that people have different interpretations of what is wrong and right.Therefore, ‘set' laws needed to be established that has to be obeyed. There are three aspects of Austin's theory of law – Analytical Jurisprudence, Legal Positivism and Command theory of law and the theory of legal sovereignty. Analytical Jurisprudence: It is a method of legal study that concentrates on the logical structure of law, the meaning and uses of its concepts, and the formal terms and the modes of its operation. John Austin's particular form of analysis was reductive. He analyzed legal concepts in terms of non-legal concepts so that the entire law could be understood in non-legal terms.Legal Positivism: In the 19th century, Austin developed legal positivism theory. The legal positivism states, â€Å"What is Law? †Is it written? , Where does it come from? Positivism is from Latin ‘root-positus', which means to be certain and fixed. Legal positivism states that laws are derived from written rules, regulations which have been enacted, adopted and recognized by a governmental entity or political institution, including administrative, executive, legislative, and judicial bodies. It is based on the legal philosophy that what is the intent of the enacting body.Command theory of law and the theory of legal sovereignty: This aspect of Austin's theory is based on the commandment of the sovereign. He r ealized that there should be fixed written commandments, which should be obeyed by all people. These commandments should be backed with sanctions. For example, if we do not obey traffic rules or commit an offence which is codified in the Canadian Criminal Law, we shall be penalized. Austin also realized the need about the uniformity of law. By uniformity means, that the law should be equal for all people of the state.
Tuesday, January 7, 2020
Citizenship For The 12 Million Illegal Immigrants - 920 Words
The statement that, â€Å"our nation interests require a path to citizenship for the 12 million illegal immigrants presently here,†is highly controversial. Immigration was the foundation of the United States and the U.S. still welcomes 1 million new citizen every year. However, the issue is not the amount of immigrants coming into the U.S., but the half a million that are entering illegally. In the Miller Center of Public Affairs Debate discussing this topic, two parties participate in discussing the advantages of citizenship versus enforcement. One of the speakers arguing in favor of a pathway to citizenship, Eliseo Medina sees this debate as an opportunity. In his opinion, it would be impractical and costly to move 12 million illegal immigrants out of the country. Not only would it be a difficult process but it would result in some unintended consequences. While living in the U.S. Illegally, many families had children or family members born here and who are legal citizens. In addition, Medina declares that the illegal immigrants contribute to our unskilled labor force and to social security. Essentially, Medina argues that the U.S. must create a way for existing illegal immigrants to be legalized and make a way for more to come legally. Partnering with Medina, Tamar Jacoby argues in favor of a pathway to citizenship. In his address, Jacoby stated that illegal immigrants should be legalized for the benefit of the country. He discerns this issue as one of safety, becauseShow MoreRelatedMass Legalization For Unauthorized Immigrants1619 Words  | 7 PagesA recent push to provide amnesty for millions of illegal immigrants in today’s society has become a very contentious issue for Americans. While most United States citizens agree that illegal immigrants violate the basic core of fundamental immigration laws, there remains an unprecedented controversy regarding the possibility of granting amnesty to this growing sector of the population. 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Should they be deportedRead MoreThe Language of the Land: Learn It or Leave Essay1747 Words  | 7 PagesThe Language of the Land: Learn It or Leave Claim: Because it indicates seriousness about becoming a United States citizen, immigrants should learn to speak English. Waking up early on a Monday morning is not easy for me -- another long week ahead. As I slowly roll out of bed, hop in the shower, brush my teeth and put on my clothes I have one thing in mind: my McDonalds breakfast. Although McDonalds is a bit out of the way and the traffic is always horrible, I simply have to have my sausageRead MoreU.s. Immigration Policy Policies Essay1284 Words  | 6 Pagespolicy has always been an important topic debated by Presidential candidates for decades. Immigration reform has been ignored by Congress, leaving decisions up to the President and Supreme Court. In the meantime, the hopes of about eleven million illegal immigrants in the U.S., as well as future rules for legal immigration, rest on the shoulders of those decision makers. Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump both agree that changes to U.S. immigration policy are needed; however, Donald Trump is taking aRead MoreImmigration Is Not A Bad Thing Essay1237 Words  | 5 Pagessupport of illegal immigrants entering the states and taking advantage of funds not allotted for them. To address this economic decline due to illegal immigration, this country needs to enforce the immigration laws and finish the closure of the border between Mexico and the United States. The increasing number of illegal immigrants entering into the United States has multiplied tremendously and this caused a negative impact on the economy of this country. The main reason the immigrants leave their
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